What Is an International Driving Permit?

An International Driving Permit (IDP) is an official document that translates your national driving licence into multiple languages. It doesn't replace your licence — you must always carry both. The IDP is recognised in over 150 countries and allows authorities, rental agents, and police in foreign countries to understand your driving credentials without speaking your language.

Do You Actually Need One?

The answer depends on where you're going and where your licence was issued. Here's the general rule:

  • EU/EEA licence holders driving within the EU/EEA: No IDP needed — your licence is recognised across all member states.
  • Driving outside your licence's issuing region: An IDP is strongly recommended and often legally required.
  • Countries where an IDP is legally required: Japan, China, Thailand, Indonesia, most of the Middle East, many African and South American countries.
  • USA and Canada: Not legally required for most nationalities, but rental companies often ask for one, and it can prevent issues with police.

Important: Even in countries where it's technically optional, many car rental companies require an IDP for foreign licences. Always check with your rental company before travelling.

The Two IDP Conventions — Why This Matters

There are two international treaties governing IDPs, and this causes enormous confusion:

  • 1949 Geneva Convention: Most English-speaking and Western countries issue this type. Recognised in about 96 countries — but not valid in Japan (for most nationalities).
  • 1968 Vienna Convention: Used by most European countries. Recognised in about 92 countries, and is the version required in Japan.

Some countries (including the UK and Ireland) issue both types. If you're heading to Japan, make sure you get the Vienna Convention IDP if your country offers it. If your country only issues the Geneva type, you'll need a Japanese translation of your licence instead (see our Japan guide).

How to Get an International Driving Permit

IDPs must be obtained in your home country before you travel — they cannot be issued abroad. The process is straightforward:

USA

Available through the American Automobile Association (AAA) or the American Automobile Touring Alliance (AATA). You'll need your valid driver's licence, two passport-size photos, and a small fee. It can often be obtained same-day at a AAA branch.

UK

Available from the Post Office — in person only. Bring your photocard licence, two passport photos, and the current fee. Both 1949 and 1968 convention versions are available.

Australia

Available through NRMA, RACV, RACQ or other state motoring clubs. You'll need your Australian licence and passport photos. Can often be processed while you wait.

Canada

Available from CAA (Canadian Automobile Association) branches.

Key Facts to Remember

  • An IDP is typically valid for one or three years depending on the issuing country.
  • It is not valid without your original licence — always carry both.
  • Beware of online services selling "international driving licences" — these are not legitimate. IDPs are only issued by recognised national motoring associations.
  • The cost is generally modest — typically between $20–$30 USD or equivalent.

Bottom Line

Getting an IDP takes under 30 minutes and costs very little. For the peace of mind it provides when renting cars abroad, dealing with foreign police, or crossing borders, it's one of the easiest and most worthwhile preparations you can make before an international trip.